Fuel injection apparatus



Jan. 6, 1953 H. HOGEMAN 2,624,327

' FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS Filed March 30, 1950 '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. HA N5 HOGEZMAN Jan. 6, 1953 H. HOGEMAN 2,624,327

' FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS Filed March so, 1950 v Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. HA NS H 0G E MAN Jan. 6,1953 H. HOGEMAN 2,524,327,

FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS Filed March 30, 1950 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. HANS- HOGEMAN Jan. 6, 1953 H. HOGEMAN' 2,624,327

' FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS Filed March so, 1950 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 MI I I :il

INVENTOR.

HANS HOGEMAN HANS HOGEMAN Jan. 6, 1953 H. HOGEMAN FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS 7 Sheets- Sheet 6 Filed March 30, 1950 lllll l INVENTQR. HANS HOGE. MAN g l ATTORNEY Jan. 6, 1953 H. HOGEMAN 2,624,327

FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS Filed March so, 1950 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 0 nm I 47 I5 I I INVENTOR.

HANS HCGEMAN Patented Jan. 6, 1953 FUEL INJECTION APPARATUS.

Hans Hogeman, :Longmeadow, Mass., .assignor to American Bosch Corporation,

Sp fiel Mass, a corporation of New York Application March 3 50., Se a N 0. 152 967 reclaims. (01.123-140) This invention relates to fuel injection apparatus and has particular reference to a new and improved fuel injection pump.

An object of the invention is to provide new and improved timing means for a fuel injection u p- Another object of the. invention is to provide a new and improved fuel injection pump employin a. single plunger and distributing :means for delivering fuel to a plural ty f: o t t and a n le timing m ans for t m h nj ctio s of all of theoutlets.

Another object is to provide a fuel injection pu p having new d improved timin means which can .be either manually or automatically controlled,

Another object is .to provide a new and improved injection timing arrangement for a fuel injection pum of the sleeve control type.

Another object is to provide a fuel injection Pump having Sleeve irel .means for both the. u l quantity and eminent i ject on.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings which set forth the preferred form of the invention by way of illustration only.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side view of afuel supply apparatus embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view thereof showing the opposite side of the apparatus;

Fig. 3 is an end view of the apparatus shown n Figs. 1 and 2';

Fig. 4 is a topor planview-thereof Fig. 5 is a sectional view takenon line Eh-i=5 of Fig. 4 looking in the direction .of the arrows;

Fig. .6 is a sectional view taken on line Bee-,6 of Fig. 4 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 7 is .a fragmentarysectional yiew taken on line 191 of Fig. 4 lookingzin the direction of the arrows;

F 8 s a fragmentary sectional iew ak n o line 8 of Fig. ;3 look n in t e d r c n of th @IIQWl Fig,- is a f agm ntary s ctional n ta en .1 line $-.-.,9 of .Fig. 4 look-ingin the direction of the a 1T0W ;.3 nd

Fig'lO is asectional viewtalren on'line [0:10 of Fig. ;9 looking in the direction pf the arrows.

Referring more particularly to the drawings wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout, theapparatus shown embod in the n e t s me f a of whichare described i -detail in the appli ation of 'Ho'geman and Cos, Serial Number 77,405,

2 which issued m August -15, Q, as Patent No. 2,518,473, comprises a fuel supply pump I, fuel injection'pumpZ and governor 3 secured together to' form a single, relatively small and compact unit which may bemounted on or removed from the engine as a complete unit.

The fuel supply pump l may be a conventional gear type supply pump or other satisfactory form. of supply pump. If desired, the fuel supply pump I may be a completely separate unit having a fuel supply line connected to the fuel injection pump for supplying fuel thereto instead of being mounted directly on the fuel injection pump unit as shown. The supply pump I is adapted to receive fuel from a fuel supply tank, not shown, through line 5 and after being pumped to desired pressure by supply pump 1 is delivered to fuel injection pump 2 through line .6 which is con- .nected to fuel inlet '38 of :the fuel injection pump 2.

The fuel injection pump 2 includes the pump head I which fits into the main housing 8 .and is secured thereto by bolts or the'like 9.

The fuel injection pump '2 is adapted to be driven by the cam ID on camshaft II which is connected to the engine and adapted to operate at one half engine speed or at engine speed, and the camshaft is, therefore, provided with a number of lobes equal to one-half the number of outlets where the pump operates at engine speed and the same number of lobes as outlets where itoperates at one-half engine speed. For example, the pump shown has six outlets and the m s h e e e Withih ee lobe which are adapted to'reciprocate the plunger which makes two m e e c c e f ea h rela on of camshaft i1 and cam Hi.

c m ha t H i ntesi r ro atio a acent its opposite ends on "ball bearing l2 and bearing 13 respectively. Mounting flange L4 is pr vide or s uring t pump ass mbly in position on the engine.

On camshaft H is provided helical gear 15 d pt d to e c atedby ca shaft ill upon r t e tior the e f a d said h lical gear I5 meshes with helical gear [6 on shaft'fl.

mnhead 1 contains 0.9 will which P n I9 is mounted for reciprocation and rotation. Bore i8 is connected by aseries of outlet ducts or ports 20, h f Whichconnectsbore 18 ith its respective outlet '21., each .of is 9011- ne te by a condu t r li e to a r pe i cylinder of the eng ne.

" nr head an a i ned it here 1. i

provided the chamber -23 in which isxpositioned the discharge or check valve 24 for controlling the discharge of fuel from bore I8 and after said fuel passes through check or discharge valve 24 which'may be of conventional type, it passes through supply groove 25 to the annular fuel receiving groove 26 in plunger I9 on each stroke of plunger I9 and from groove 26 the fuel passes to distributing groove 21 which is adapted to communicate with each of the outlet ports 20 successively upon reciprocation and rotation of plunger I9.

Plunger I9 is provided with an axial hole 28 which extends from the upper end of plunger I9 and terminates in spill port 29 which communicates with annular spill groove 30 on plunger I9.

Pump head I is provided with chamber 3| which is both a spill and timing chamber and in chamber 3I is positioned sleeve 32 which is ad-. justable and controls the quantity of fuel to be delivered. Sleeve 32 surrounds plunger I9 adjacent port 29 and said sleeve 32 is adjustable axially of plunger I9 by means of eccentric pin 33 on rotatable shaft 34 which is connected by pivoted lever 35 and link 36 to governor 3.

Spill chamber 3| is connected by port 31 with supply port 38 to which is connected the supply line 6 from fuel supply pump I and said fuel passes through port 39 to bore I8. Port 37a is connected to port 38a to which is connected a return fuel line having an overflow valve therein, not shown, to maintain the desired fuel supply pressure in the pump.

Also within chamber 3I is positioned a second or timing sleeve 90 which also surrounds plunger I9 and which is also adjustable axially of plunger I9 by means of eccentric pin 9| on shaft 92 which is connected by pivoted lever 93 to link 94 which may be connected to the governor 3 by lever 36a as hereinafter described or manually operated if desired.

Plunger I 9 is provided with port 95 which connects said axial hole 28 with annular timing groove 96' adapted to be controlled by timing sleeve 90 to control the timing of injections by the pump as hereinafter described.

Timing sleeve 90 is adjustably connected to governor 3 through eccentric pin 9|, shaft 92, lever 93, link 94 and lever 36a, as previously described whereby both timing sleeve 90 and fuel quantity control sleeve 32 are simultaneously automatically adjusted as a unit in the same direction to the same extent to change the injection period to a different cam position and by this means earlier or later timing of the-injection may be automatically obtained.

For lubrication of the pump, the passageway 40 is provided through which part of the lubricating oil passes through filter 4| from which it passes through duct 42 to the lower portion of bore I8 and the remainder of the lubricating oil passes from opening 46 through ducts 43 and 44 to lubricate tappet 54 and bearing respectively.

The threaded plug 46 is provided for sealing the upper end of chamber 23 and this plug is removable to allow replacement of discharge valve 24.

Fuel supply pump I is adapted to be operated by shaft II to which is secured helical gear I6 adapted to be rotated by helical gear I5 on camshaft II as previously described.

Gear 41 on shaft 48 also meshes with gear I5. and is adapted to be rotated thereby and rotation of shaft 48 rotates gear 49 which is fixed on the end of said shaft oppositehelieal gear 41-84 ,4 said gear 49 meshes with gear 50 for rotating plunger I9.

Plunger I9 has the fiat sided extension 5| which is keyed with gear 50 through member 52 and spring seat 53, therefore, rotation of gear 50 as previously described will effect simultaneous rotation of plunger I9. Tappet 54 is provided with roller 55 which engages cam II] on camshaft II whereby, upon rotation of camshaft II, the lobes of cam II) will force the plunger I9 in a direction away from the axis of the cam III, that is, in the direction of the pumping stroke of plunger I9.

The adjacent end of plunger I9 is secured to wedge-shaped member 56 over which fit spring seat 51. Coil springs 58 and 59 are provided for moving plunger I9 on its return stroke and said springs 58 and 59 have their opposite ends engaging spring seats 53 and 51 with the spring 58 being of smaller diameter than spring 59 and positioned within said spring 59.

The governor 3 is positioned within casing 69 which is secured to the main pump housing 8 by means of bolts 6I or other suitable means. Governor shaft 62 is. keyed to camshaft IIv and adapted to rotate therewith.

Governor shaft 62 has a serrated portion 63 and a spider 64 is rigidly mounted upon the serrated portion 63 of shaft 62. This spider 64 supports the governor weights 65 which are pivotally mounted thereon and each of said Weights has a portion which contacts flange 66 on sleeve 61 through ball bearing 68. Sleeve 61 is mounted for longitudinal movement upon gOV- ernor shaft 62 and at its opposite end from flange 66 is provided with flanges 69 and III forming seats for springs II and I2 respectively.

A governor lever I3 is provided in the form of a yoke 14, the forks of which extend around governor shaft. 62 and each fork is pivotally mounted on lever I5 which is pivotally mounted on flange I0 on the end of sleeve 61. Link 36 is connected to lever I3 at 13a. Governor lever I3 is provided with cam 16 which is adapted to engage plate 11 which-is so adjusted that cam I6 just touches plate 11 at full speed and full load.

Spring member I8 andadjustable surge screws I9 are provided for steadying engine performance in case of any surging.

The pivoted lever 354s provided with a projecting pin adapted to engage and be moved by a shoulder 82a on spring pressed shaft 82 to shut off the pump and thereby shut off the engine.

Inlthe operation of the device, fuel supply pump I" receives fuel from the supply tank through inlet line 5 and pumps the fuel to desired pressure and supplies fuel through outlet line 5 to inlet'38 of the fuel injection pump 2 and said fuel then passes through port 39 to bore I8, and also fills ports 39a and 38a, and due to the overflow valve in the line connected to port 38a, the desired fuel pressure is maintained in the fuel injection pump. ,The arrangement described is employed in the case where the fuel supply pump is of the gear type. Where other forms of supply pumps are employed, such as a diaphragm pump, the overflow valve and return line from port 38a to the fuel supply tank are not needed and, in such cases port 39a maybe 7 closed by a plug.

The supply of fuel in ports 39 and 39a is maintained'at all times and on the downward or return "access? stroke of the plunger 13 fuel enters bore 18. This return stroke of plunger 19 is effected by springs .58 and '59 and the pumping stroke of plunger 19 is effected by the lobes .of cam '10 which engage roller 55 on tappet 54 and upon rotation of camshaft H, tappet 54' is moved away from the camshaft and plunger 19 which is carried thereby is automatically moved with tappet 54 to effect the pumping stroke of the plunger.

During the pumping stroke of the plunger l'9, when the pressure of fuel in bore 18 above the plunger is suiiicient to overcome the force of the spring in the discharge or delivery valve 24, that valve is lifted off its seat and fuel is forced through said valve to duct '25 from which it passes to annular fuel receiving groove 26 on plunger 19 from which it passes to distributing groove 21 by which it is delivered to the various outlets 2i] successively as said groove 21 becomes aligned with each of said outlets upon reciprocation and rotation of said plunger.

Fuel in bore I8 flows into the axial hole 28 in plunger l9 and is spilled through spill port 29 into spill chamber 3|. The time of the injection depends upon the position of sleeves 32 and .90 which are connected to governor yoke 14 by links 36 and 35a respectively and is controlled by adjustment of said sleeves 32 and 90 alon plunger I9 simultaneously as a unit in a direction parallel to the axis .of the plunger l9.

This moving of sleeves 32 and 90 as a unit simultaneously and to the same extent shifts the injection period which can thereby be varied as desired. 1

Adjustment of sleeve 32 alone, without adjustment of sleeve 90, controls the quantity of fuel to be delivered through the delivery valve 24 before the fuel pressure in bore I8 is relieved by spilling through spill port 29- as previously described, which spilling relieves the pressure of fuel in bore I 8 until it is so reduced that the force of the delivery valve spring is sufficient to return the valve to its seat thereby preventing further delivery of fuel to duct 25 until the next pumping stroke of plunger l9.

Adjustment of quantity control sleeve 32 is automatically effected by rotation of shaft 34 by lever 35 and link 36 which is connected to the governor for automatic control.

During each pumping stroke of plunger l9 it is rotated by gear l5 through gear 41, shaft 48, gear 49 and gear 50 as previously described to thereby align groove 21 with the circumferentially spaced outlet ports 20 in bore l8.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided simple, eflicient and economical means for obtaining all of the objects and advantages of the invention.

Having described my invention, I claim:'

1. In a device of the character described, a bore, a plunger in said bore, a spill groove in said plunger, a quantity control member surrounding said plunger, a separate injection timing member surrounding said plunger and means whereby said quantity control member and said timing member may be independently adjusted or simultaneously adjusted to adjust the injection timing of the pump.

2. In a device of the character described, a bore, a plunger in said bore, a spill groove in said plunger, a quantity control member surrounding said plunger, a. separate, independently adjustable injection timing member surrounding said plunger and automatic means for simultaneously adjusting said quantity control member and said timing member to adjust thB 'P D- 3. In a fuel injection pump, a bore, fuel supply and delivery means communicating with said bore, :a plunger .in said bore, said plunger having spill and timing ports and a pair of separate, independently longitudinally adjustable sleeve members cooperating with said spill and timing ports for controlling the quantity vof fuel injected and the timing .of injection by the pump.

4. In a fuel injection pump, a bore, fuel supply and delivery means communicating with said bore, a plunger in said bore, said plunger having spill and timing ports and a pair .of separate, independently longitudinally adjustable sleeve members cooperating with said spill and timing ports and means for automatically adjusting said sleeve members for controlling the quantity of fuel injected and the timing of injection by the pump. r

5. In a fuel injection pump, a bore, fuel supply and delivery means communicating with said bore, a plunger in said bore, said plunger having spill and timing ports and a pair of separate, independently adjustable sleeve members cooperating with said spill and timing ports and means for adjusting said sleeve members for controlling the quantity of fuel injected and the timing of injection by the pump. I

6. In a fuel injection pump, a bore, fuel supply and delivery means communicating with said bore, a plunger in said bore, said plungerhaving spill and timing ports, a longitudinally adjustable sleeve member cooperating with said spill port for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump and a separate, independently longitudinally adjustable sleeve member cooperating with said timing port for controlling the timing of injection by the pump.

'7. In a fuel injection pump, a bore, fuel supply and delivery means communicating with said bore, a plunger in said bore, said plunger having spill and timing ports, an adjustable sleeve member cooperating with said spill port for controlling the injection timing of /the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump and a separate, independently adjustable sleeve member cooperating with said timing port and means for adjusting said spill controlling sleeve and said timing sleeve for controlling the timing of injection by the pump.

8. In a fuel injection pump, a bore, fuel supply and delivery means communicating with said bore, a plunger in said bore, said plunger having spill and timing ports, an adjustable sleeve member cooperating with said spill port for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump and a separate, independently adjustable sleeve member cooperating with said timing port, governor means for automatically controlling said sleeves for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered and for controlling the timing of injection by the pump.

9. In a fuel injection pump, a bore, fuel supply and delivery means communicating with said bore, a plunger in said bore, said plunger having spill and timing ports, a longitudinally adjustable sleeve member cooperating with said spill port for controlling the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump and a separate, independently adjustable sleeve member cooperating with said timing port, governor means and means connecting said sleeves to said governor for automatic control thereby for automatically controlling the quantity of fuel delivered and for controlling the timing of injection by the piu'np.

. 10. 'In a deviceof the character described, a fuel injection pump having a bore, fuel supply and delivery means communicating with said bore, a plurality of outlets communicating with said bore, a plunger in said bore having a pumping portion and a distributing portion, an axial opening in said plunger, a spill port and a timing port communicating with said axial opening, a longitudinally adjustable sleeve surrounding said plunger and cooperating with said spill port to control the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump and a separate, independently adjustable sleeve surrounding said plunger and cooperating with said timing port to control the timing of injection by the pump.

11. In a device of the character described, a fuel injection pump having a bore, fuel supply and delivery means communicating with said bore, a plurality of outlets communicating with said bore, a plunger in said bore having a pumping portion and a distributing portion, an axial opening in said plunger, a spill port and a timing port communicating with said axial opening, a longitudinally adjustable sleeve surrounding said plunger and cooperating with said spill port to control the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump and a separate, longitudinally adjustable sleeve surrounding said plunger and cooperating with said timing port to control the timing of injection by the pump, said sleeves being independently adjustable, a governor and means connecting said sleeves to said governor for automatic control thereby.

12. In a device of the character described, a

fuel injection pump having a bore, fuel supply and delivery means communicating with said bore, a plurality of outlets communicating with said bore, a plunger in said bore having a pumping portion and a distributing portion, an axial opening in said plunger, a spill port and a timing port communicating with said axial opening, a longitudinally adjustable sleeve surrounding said plunger and cooperating with said spill port to control the quantity of fuel delivered by the pump and a separate, longitudinally adjustable sleeve surrounding said plunger and cooperating with said timing port to control the timing of injection by the pump and means for independently adjusting said spill control sleeve to control the quantityof fuel delivered and for adjusting both said sleevesto adjust the timing of the pump.

HANS HOGEMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,819,015 Benes Aug. 18, 1931 2,147,390 Vaudet Feb. 14, 1939 2,410,773 Chandler Nov. 5, 1946 2,413,115 Sheehan Dec. 24, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 359,603 Great Britain Oct. 29, 1931 373,286 Great Britain May 26, 1932 

